Understanding the TextChoose the

Understanding the TextChoose the best answer for each of the following questions according to the test.Animal Education1. Animals perform many useful and entertaining jobs. Dogs are particularly valuable in guiding the blind, protecting property，finding lost people, and hunting down criminals Horses are used in guarding herds; carrying men in lands where there are no roads, and helping farmers work their land. Pigeons have long been used to carry messages. Wild animals from the jungles, forests and seas are very popular performers in circuses and movies. People realize that, although animals may not have the same intelligence as human beings, they are smart enough to learn certain things.2. The first thing a dog is taught is to obey. It should not take too long for him to learn commands. Simple orders, such as “sit”, “lie down”, “stay here”, and “come here”, can even be taught by a child.3. Training a dog to be a watchdog of ten produces unexpected results. Some dogs quickly learn the difference between unwanted people and friends. This is because their masters welcome friends and invite them into their houses. However, some dog swill always attack the postman who comes to deliver letters. One explanation for this behavior is that, although the postman comes to the house often, he never enters the house. Therefore, the dog thinks the postman is someone who is not wanted, but keeps coming back anyway.4. Masters of dogs who attack postmen can easily show the dog that the postman is a friend and that the dog does not need to treat him as an unwanted person. A dog is quite ready to do what his master wishes. And a dog is always happy when he is praised for understanding correctly.5. Dogs can be taught to obey commands when the sound of a word is connected with a certain act. Two important factors in teaching a dog to obey commands are: using the same word each time for the same act, and teaching only one act at a time. Dogs can learn not only to sit, lie down, come, and stay in place when their masters go away, but also to jump, carry, and fetch.6. After a dog learns to carry an object, he can learn to bring something back from a distance. A stick can be thrown far away and the dog enjoys running after it, and searching for it until he finds it. After a lot of practice, the dog then retrieves a stick (or other object)even when he has not seen it thrown. To teach dog this skill, the master makes a simple trail by walking some distance in a straight line. Then he leaves the stick at the end of the trail. The dog learns to follow the straight line at first. Then, later, he learns to follow more irregular lines. Eventually, he can learn to follow an order instead of looking for an object. With this skill he can be very useful in tracking down lost people or criminals.7. Dogs are extremely useful as companions for blind people. When a dog has been properly trained, he will always lead his blind master in the right direction and keep him out of danger. For example, seeing-eye dogs learn never to cross a busy road when cars are coming, even if their masters command them to do so.8. Horses are also able to learn many things too. Horses that are used for guard or police duty must learn never to be frightened of noises, traffic, and other disturbance Racing horses are able to run much faster than other horses, but they are also quite high strung. Therefore, it is necessary for people who train them to be very patient and understanding.9. Pigeons have a natural instinct to return home, even if they are very far away and the mip is hard or dangerous. Men utilize this homing instinct to send messages on small pieces of paper that are fastened to the pigeon‘s beck or legs. In wartime, pigeons have been known to fly as fast as 75 miles an hour and to cover distances of 500 to 600 miles. These homing pigeons begin their training when they are about four weeks old. After a few weeks they can begin flying and carrying messages. If all goes well, their flying career lasts about four years.10. Animals can learn to do many things that, while not necessarily useful, are very amusing to watch. In circuses, animals are taught to do the tricks that are most compatible with their physical and temperamental make-up. Lions and tigers can be taught to leap and spring gracefully when told to do so, or to stay in place on command. Elephants learn to walk in line, to stand on their hind legs, to lie on their sides, and to stand on their head. They can also learn to dance.11. Another trainer had an elephant and a tiger, who after many weeks of living in the same cage, became accustomed to each other. Then the tiger was taught to jump on the elephant’s back. Both animals became so interested in the act (as well as the praise and food they received after the act) that they forgot they were natural enemies. Later a lion was added to the act. This also took a lot of training. However, when the three animals grew accustomed to each other they made a most successful circus act.12. Cinema and television use trained animals too. Some animals, such as skunks and foxes, are easy to film. All you have to do is to make a trail in front of the camera by dragging something that smells good to the animals over the ground. Big animals, such as lions and tigers, can be photographed as they bound happily back to their families and dinner. If a movie actor is nearby, the well- trained animal will pay no attention to him. However, the audience may imagine that the actor escaped a terrible death by the skin of his teeth.3. Which of the following is NOT true about a dog?( )
A、A. Different words are used for the same act when training a dog.
B、B. Dogs can be taught to obey commands by certain sounds.
C、C. A dog is quite ready to do what his master wishes.
D、D. A dog can learn to bring an object to his master.
【正确答案】：A
【题目解析】：P171