Read the following passage caref

Read the following passage carefully and compose a TOPIC OUTLINE for it

Since the middle of the 1990s, the ability to communicate electronically has expanded dramatically. Electronic communication is changing how people relate to one another. However, one thing remains constant: these new forms of communication are not face to face. They are distant, and they keep people at a distance. In my opinion, due to electronic communication, relationships today are changing for the worse; they have become fragmented, superficial, and anonymous. Communication these days is becoming a process of exchanging messages of two or three words. There is no longer time for serious and deep reflection. For example, in most countries, sending a text message via a cell phone is much cheaper than talking on that phone, so people send each other silly messages like “RU ready?” or “4 sure. ” The language of Shakespeare and Milton has become reduced to abbreviations. With Instant Messenger(IM), people send each other emoticons such as a smiley face instead of sentences. In addition, since Instant Messenger depends on who has the fastest connection, there cannot be real communication. There is no give-and-take. These fragmented messages are not true communication. The current ability to relate to one another electronically is largely textual; that is, people read messages from each other. Blogs, or Web logs, have become the way to communicate. However, anyone, anywhere can create a blog, and they can write anything they want. There are millions of blogs being produced. It seems that everyone wants to shout, “Hey, here I am ! This is me!”, but no one really listens. No one responds. Another reason why relationships are becoming more superficial is the spread of e-mail. Because they are overwhelmed by spam in addition to real messages, people just skim what they see and either make a rapid, thoughtless response or ignore it completely. No one reads e-mail messages carefully because there are just too many of them. Finally, while one great advantage of the World Wide Web is that it is anonymous, this is also its major disadvantage. Anyone can pretend to be anyone. For example, a sixteen-year-old high school student could say that he is a twenty-three-year-old college graduate, and the person reading his blog or profile would never know. This type of anonymity can also put internet users at risk. There are many news stories about a criminal convincing a teenager to meet him at a coffee shop or a mall. The teenager agrees to meet her internet friend because she thinks she is meeting another teenager. The Web knows no one; a person can invent an identity. It’s clear that there can be no real communication when it’s so easy for someone to remain anonymous. In short, electronic communication has multiple advantages, but it also has disadvantages. This new form of communication makes people lonelier because they don’t make real and meaningful connections. The communication; is fragmented and superficial, and it is not always honest because of the ability to be anonymous. Fewer silly messages and more face-to-face communication would make us better people, I think.
【正确答案】：

ⅠELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION MAKING HUMAN RELATIONSHIP WORSE

ⅡFRAGMENTED MESSAGES SERVING AS COMMUNICATION MEANS

ⅢSUPERFICIAL TEXTS WORKING AS EXPRESSING WAYS

ⅣANONYMOUS IDENTITY MAKING COMMUNICATION RISKY

ⅤFRAGMENTED, SUPERFICIAL AND ANONYMOUS ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION KEEPING PEOPLE DISTANT

【题目解析】：列提纲步骤： 第一步：确定文章主题（题目多是主题） 第二步：确定中心论点（多在首段出现） 第三步：总结各段段落大意 第四步：整理全文提纲本题要求列出所给文章的论点式提纲。本文为一篇说明文，介绍了电子通讯对于人际交往的影响。第一段中出现了转折副词However，所以后面的句子是重点。第一段最后一句话为本段也是本文的主旨：电子通讯使人际关系更糟。ⅠElectronic communication making human relationship worse.第二段介绍了电子信息等碎片化的信息成为了人们的交流方式。ⅡFragmented messages serving as communication means.第三段第一句话为本文主旨：信息等文本成为人们的表达方式。Ⅲ Superficial texts working as expressing ways.第四段第一句话为本段主旨：匿名身份使得交流有风险。ⅣAnonymous identity making communication risky.最后一段为总结段，2-4段中的三种原因使得人们的人际关系更加疏远了。ⅤFragmented, superficial and anonymous electronic communication keeping people distant